ghm-10q_20180930.htm

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

As of November 5, 2018, there were outstanding 9,832,498 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $.10 per share.

As of September 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018 and for the Three and Six-Month Periods Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)						(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
Net sales	$	21,441		$	17,224		$	50,992		$	38,075
Cost of products sold		15,214			13,483			37,623			29,556
Gross profit		6,227			3,741			13,369			8,519
Other expenses and income:
Selling, general and administrative		4,718			3,671			9,269			7,325
Selling, general and administrative – amortization		60			60			119			118
Restructuring charge		—			316			—			316
Other income		(206	)		(120	)		(412	)		(239	)
Interest income		(351	)		(162	)		(640	)		(313	)
Interest expense		1			2			3			5
Total other expenses and income		4,222			3,767			8,339			7,212
Income (loss) before provision (benefit) for income taxes		2,005			(26	)		5,030			1,307
Provision (benefit) for income taxes		178			(36	)		880			362
Net income		1,827			10			4,150			945
Retained earnings at beginning of period		99,427			110,600			99,011			110,544
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle, net of income tax benefit of $301		—			—			(1,022	)		—
Dividends		(983	)		(879	)		(1,868	)		(1,758	)
Retained earnings at end of period	$	100,271		$	109,731		$	100,271		$	109,731
Per share data
Basic:
Net income	$	0.19		$	—		$	0.42		$	0.10
Diluted:
Net income	$	0.19		$	—		$	0.42		$	0.10
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic		9,832			9,769			9,810			9,759
Diluted		9,848			9,775			9,826			9,767
Dividends declared per share	$	0.10		$	0.09		$	0.19		$	0.18

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	September 30,					September 30,
	2018			2017		2018			2017
	(Amounts in thousands)					(Amounts in thousands)
Net income	$	1,827		$	10	$	4,150		$	945
Other comprehensive income:
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(134	)		86		(333	)		140
Defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans net of income tax expense of $48 and $93, for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $97 and $186 for the six months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively		170			170		340			340
Total other comprehensive income		36			256		7			480
Total comprehensive income	$	1,863		$	266	$	4,157		$	1,425

	September 30,			March 31,
	2018			2018
	(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	23,378		$	40,456
Investments		55,611			36,023
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowances ($406 and $339 at September 30 and March 31, 2018, respectively)		15,556			17,026
Unbilled revenue		10,582			8,079
Inventories		20,763			11,566
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		1,572			772
Income taxes receivable		1,782			1,478
Total current assets		129,244			115,400
Property, plant and equipment, net		16,476			17,052
Prepaid pension asset		4,945			4,369
Goodwill		1,222			1,222
Permits		1,700			1,700
Other intangible assets, net		3,298			3,388
Other assets		173			202
Total assets	$	157,058		$	143,333
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of capital lease obligations	$	50		$	88
Accounts payable		9,317			16,151
Accrued compensation		5,604			4,958
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		3,541			2,885
Customer deposits		30,539			13,213
Total current liabilities		49,051			37,295
Capital lease obligations		41			55
Deferred income tax liability		1,446			1,427
Accrued pension liability		613			565
Accrued postretirement benefits		653			642
Total liabilities		51,804			39,984
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $1.00 par value, 500 shares authorized
Common stock, $.10 par value, 25,500 shares authorized, 10,642 and 10,579 shares issued and 9,833 and 9,772 shares outstanding at September 30 and March 31, 2018, respectively		1,064			1,058
Capital in excess of par value		24,572			23,826
Retained earnings		100,271			99,011
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(8,243	)		(8,250	)
Treasury stock (809 and 807 shares at September 30 and March 31, 2018, respectively)		(12,410	)		(12,296	)
Total stockholders’ equity		105,254			103,349
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	157,058		$	143,333

	Six Months Ended
	September 30,
	2018			2017
Operating activities:	(Dollar amounts in thousands)
Net income	$	4,150		$	945
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation		980			993
Amortization		119			118
Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost and actuarial losses		437			525
Stock-based compensation expense		534			149
Loss on disposal or sale of property, plant and equipment		30			1
Deferred income taxes		207			106
(Increase) decrease in operating assets:
Accounts receivable		2,656			151
Unbilled revenue		(5,276	)		3,186
Inventories		3,652			846
Prepaid expenses and other current and non-current assets		(679	)		(774	)
Income taxes receivable		(303	)		(1,507	)
Prepaid pension asset		(576	)		(478	)
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:
Accounts payable		(6,097	)		(3,166	)
Accrued compensation, accrued expenses and other current and non-current liabilities		1,086			(864	)
Customer deposits		4,096			560
Long-term portion of accrued compensation, accrued pension liability and accrued postretirement benefits		59			57
Net cash provided by operating activities		5,075			848
Investing activities:
Purchase of property, plant and equipment		(367	)		(431	)
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment		—			1
Purchase of investments		(64,611	)		(25,000	)
Redemption of investments at maturity		45,023			18,000
Net cash used by investing activities		(19,955	)		(7,430	)
Financing activities:
Principal repayments on capital lease obligations		(52	)		(51	)
Issuance of common stock		171			—
Dividends paid		(1,868	)		(1,758	)
Purchase of treasury stock		(146	)		(119	)
Net cash used by financing activities		(1,895	)		(1,928	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		(303	)		138
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(17,078	)		(8,372	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year		40,456			39,474
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	23,378		$	31,102

Graham Corporation's (the "Company's") Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include its (i) wholly-owned foreign subsidiary located in Suzhou, China and (ii) wholly-owned domestic subsidiary located in Lapeer, Michigan. The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. ("GAAP") for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X, each as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements do not include all information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2018 presented herein was derived from the Company’s audited Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2018. For additional information, please refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018 ("fiscal 2018"). In the opinion of management, all adjustments, including normal recurring accruals considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Company's results of operations and cash flows for the three and six months ended September 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the current fiscal year, which ends March 31, 2019 ("fiscal 2019").

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year amounts to conform to the current year presentation. See Note 15 which discusses the Company’s application of the amended guidance related to the classification of pension and other postretirement benefit costs.

The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with Accounting Standard Codification 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”), which it adopted on April 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. See Note 15 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of this adoption.

The Company recognizes revenue on all contracts when control of the product is transferred to the customer. Control is generally transferred when products are shipped, title is transferred, significant risks of ownership have transferred, the Company has rights to payment, and rewards of ownership pass to the customer.

The following table presents the Company’s revenue disaggregated by product line and geographic area:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
Product Line	2018		2017		2018		2017
Heat transfer equipment	$	6,173	$	4,654	$	10,331	$	10,983
Vacuum equipment		7,842		4,889		25,058		11,412
All other		7,426		7,681		15,603		15,680
Net sales	$	21,441	$	17,224	$	50,992	$	38,075


Geographic Region
Asia	$	1,876	$	2,599	$	4,625	$	5,964
Canada		3,473		1,844		15,123		3,199
Middle East		464		1,015		899		1,935
South America		68		441		192		570
U.S.		15,073		11,146		28,526		25,975
All other		487		179		1,627		432
Net sales	$	21,441	$	17,224	$	50,992	$	38,075

A performance obligation represents a promise in a contract to provide a distinct good or service to a customer and is the unit of accounting pursuant to ASC 606. The Company accounts for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. Transaction price reflects the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferred products. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and revenue is recognized as the performance obligation is satisfied. In certain cases, the Company may separate a contract into more than one performance obligation, while in other cases, several products may be part of a fully integrated solution and are bundled into a single performance obligation. If a contract is separated into more than one performance obligation, the Company allocates the total transaction price to each performance obligation in an amount based on the estimated relative standalone selling prices of the promised goods underlying each performance obligation. The Company has made an accounting policy election to exclude from the measurement of the contract price all taxes assessed by government authorities that are collected by the Company from its customers. The Company does not adjust the contract price for the effects of a financing component if the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when a product is transferred to a customer and when the customer pays for the product will be one year or less. Shipping and handling fees billed to the customer are recorded in revenue and the related costs incurred for shipping and handling are included in cost of products sold.

Revenue on the majority of the Company’s contracts, as measured by number of contracts, is recognized upon shipment to the customer, however, revenue on larger contracts, which are fewer in number but represent the majority of revenue, is recognized over time as these contracts meet specific criteria established in ASC 606. Revenue from contracts that is recognized upon shipment accounted for approximately 35% of revenue for each of the three-month and six-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and revenue from contracts that is recognized over time accounted for approximately 65% of revenue for each of the three-month and six-month periods ended September 30, 2018. The Company recognizes revenue over time when contract performance results in the creation of a product for which the Company does not have an alternative use and the contract includes an enforceable right to payment in an amount that corresponds directly with the value of the performance completed. To measure progress towards completion on performance obligations for which revenue is recognized over time the Company utilizes an input method based upon a ratio of direct labor hours incurred to date to management’s estimate of the total labor hours to be incurred on each contract or an output method based upon completion of operational milestones, depending upon the nature of the contract. The Company has established the systems and procedures essential to developing the estimates required to account for performance obligations over time. These procedures include monthly review by management of costs incurred, progress towards completion, identified risks and opportunities, sourcing determinations, changes in estimates of costs yet to be incurred, availability of materials, and execution by subcontractors. Sales and earnings are adjusted on a cumulative catch-up basis in current accounting periods based upon revisions in the contract value due to pricing changes and estimated costs at completion. Losses on contracts are recognized immediately when evident to management.

The timing of revenue recognition, invoicing and cash collections affect trade accounts receivable, unbilled revenue (contract assets) and customer deposits (contract liabilities) on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Unbilled revenue represents revenue on contracts that is recognized over time and exceeds the amount that has been billed to the customer. Unbilled revenue is separately presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company may receive a customer deposit or have an unconditional right to receive a customer deposit prior to revenue being recognized. Since the performance obligations related to such customer deposits may not have been satisfied, a contract liability is recorded and an offsetting asset of equal amount is recorded as a trade accounts receivable until the deposit is collected. Customer deposits are separately presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Customer deposits are not considered a significant financing component as they are generally received less than one year before the product is completed or used to procure specific material on a contract, as well as related overhead costs incurred during design and construction.

Contract liabilities at September 30, 2018 and April 1, 2018 include $5,571 and $2,220, respectively, of customer deposits for which the Company has an unconditional right to collect payment. Trade accounts receivable, as presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and within Note 15, includes corresponding balances at September 30, 2018 and April 1, 2018, respectively. Revenue

recognized in the three-month and six-month periods ended September 30, 2018 that was included in the contract liability balance at April 1, 2018 was $2,674 and $8,926, respectively. Changes in the net contract liability balance during the six-month period ended September 30, 2018 were impacted by a $4,490 increase in contract assets, of which $7,596 was due to contract progress offset by invoicing to customers of $3,106. In addition, contract liabilities decreased $3,954 driven by revenue recognized in the current period that was included in the contract liability balance at April 1, 2018 offset by new customer deposits of $12,880.

Receivables billed but not paid under retainage provisions in the Company’s customer contracts were $938 and $1,124 at September 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018, respectively.

Incremental costs to obtain a contract consist of sales employee and agent commissions. Commissions paid to employees and sales agents are capitalized when paid and amortized to selling, general and administrative expense when the related revenue is recognized. Capitalized costs, net of amortization, to obtain a contract were $141 and $118 at September 30 and April 1, 2018, respectively, and are included in the line item "Prepaid expenses and other current assets" in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The related amortization expense was $42 and $82 in the three-month and six-month periods ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

The Company’s remaining unsatisfied performance obligations represent a measure of the total dollar value of work to be performed on contracts awarded and in progress. The Company also refers to this measure as backlog. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had remaining unsatisfied performance obligations of $127,796. The Company expects to recognize revenue on approximately 55% to 60% of the remaining performance obligations within one year, 10% to 20% in one to two years and the remaining beyond two years.

Investments consist of certificates of deposits with financial institutions. All investments have original maturities of greater than three months and less than one year and are classified as held-to-maturity, as the Company believes it has the intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity. Investments are stated at amortized cost which approximates fair value. All investments held by the Company at September 30, 2018 are scheduled to mature on or before May 2, 2019.

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, using the average cost method. Unbilled revenue (contract assets) in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets represents revenue recognized that has not been billed to customers on contracts in which revenue is recognized over time. Upon adoption of the new revenue recognition guidance discussed in Note 15, all progress payments exceeding unbilled revenue are presented as customer deposits (contract liabilities) in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Under the previous guidance, progress payments exceeding unbilled revenue were netted against inventory to the extent the payment was less than or equal to the inventory balance relating to the applicable contract, and the excess was presented as customer deposits in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Impairment Loss		Net Carrying Amount
At September 30, 2018
Intangibles subject to amortization:
Customer relationships	$	2,700	$	1,402	$	—	$	1,298
Intangibles not subject to amortization:
Permits	$	10,300	$	—	$	8,600	$	1,700
Tradename		2,500		—		500		2,000
	$	12,800	$	—	$	9,100	$	3,700

At March 31, 2018
Intangibles subject to amortization:
Customer relationships	$	2,700	$	1,312	$	—	$	1,388
Intangibles not subject to amortization:
Permits	$	10,300	$	—	$	8,600	$	1,700
Tradename		2,500		—		500		2,000
	$	12,800	$	—	$	9,100	$	3,700

Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives. Intangible amortization expense for each of the three-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was $45. Intangible amortization expense for each of the six-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was $90. As of September 30, 2018, amortization expense is estimated to be $90 for the remainder of fiscal 2019 and $180 in each of the fiscal years ending March 31, 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023.

The Amended and Restated 2000 Graham Corporation Incentive Plan to Increase Shareholder Value, as approved by the Company’s stockholders at the Annual Meeting on July 28, 2016, provides for the issuance of up to 1,375 shares of common stock in connection with grants of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock awards and performance awards to officers, key employees and outside directors: provided, however, that no more than 467 shares of common stock may be used for awards other than stock options. Stock options may be granted at prices not less than the fair market value at the date of grant and expire no later than ten years after the date of grant.

No restricted stock awards were granted in the three-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. Restricted stock awards granted in the six-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 were 53 and 59, respectively. Restricted shares of 27 and 30 granted to officers in the first six months of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively, vest 100% on the third anniversary of the grant date subject to the satisfaction of the performance metrics for the applicable three-year period. Restricted shares of 20 and 22 granted to officers and key employees in the first six months of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively, vest 33⅓% per year over a three-year term. Restricted shares of 6 and 7 granted to directors in the first six months of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively, vest 100% on the first year anniversary of the grant date. No stock option awards were granted in the three-month or six-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.

During the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized stock-based compensation costs related to stock option and restricted stock awards of $274 and $216, respectively. The income tax benefit recognized related to stock-based compensation was $60 and $76 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. During the six months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized stock-based compensation costs related to stock option and restricted stock awards of $534 and $149, respectively. The income tax benefit recognized related to stock-based compensation was $118 and $53 for the six months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The Company has an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "ESPP"), which allows eligible employees to purchase shares of the Company's common stock at a discount of up to 15% of its fair market value on the (i) last, (ii) first or (iii) lower of the last or first day of the six-month offering period. A total of 200 shares of common stock may be purchased under the ESPP. During each of the three months and six months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, no stock-based compensation costs were recognized related to the ESPP.

Basic income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted income per share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and, when applicable, potential common shares outstanding during the period. A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of basic and diluted income per share is presented below:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Basic income per share
Numerator:
Net income	$	1,827	$	10	$	4,150	$	945
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding		9,832		9,769		9,810		9,759
Basic income per share	$	.19	$	—	$	.42	$	.10
Diluted income per share
Numerator:
Net income	$	1,827	$	10	$	4,150	$	945
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding		9,832		9,769		9,810		9,759
Stock options outstanding		16		6		16		8
Weighted average common and potential common shares outstanding		9,848		9,775		9,826		9,767
Diluted income per share	$	.19	$	—	$	.42	$	.10

Options to purchase a total of 16 shares of common stock were outstanding at September 30, 2017, but were not included in the above computation of diluted income per share given their exercise prices as they would not be dilutive upon issuance.

The reconciliation of the changes in the product warranty liability is as follows:

Income of $37 for product warranties in the three months ended September 30, 2018 and the income of $82 in the six months ended September 30, 2017 resulted from the reversal of provisions made that were no longer required due to lower claims experience.

The product warranty liability is included in the line item "Accrued expenses and other current liabilities" in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Interest paid was $3 and $5 in the six-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Income taxes paid for the six months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 were $976 and $1,762, respectively.

In the six months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, non-cash activities included the issuance of treasury stock valued at $78 and $63, respectively, to the Company’s ESPP.

At September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, there were $68 and $0 of capital purchases that were recorded in accounts payable and are not included in the caption "Purchase of property, plant and equipment" in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Service cost	$	143		$	150		$	286		$	299
Interest cost		335			355			670			711
Expected return on assets		(765	)		(745	)		(1,531	)		(1,489	)
Amortization of actuarial loss		211			254			423			507
Net pension (income) cost	$	(76	)	$	14		$	(152	)	$	28

The Company made no contributions to its defined benefit pension plan during the six months ended September 30, 2018 and expects to make contributions of approximately $2 for the balance of fiscal 2019.

The Company paid no benefits related to its postretirement benefit plan during the six months ended September 30, 2018. The Company expects to pay benefits of approximately $83 for the balance of fiscal 2019.

The Company self-funds the medical insurance coverage it provides to its U.S. based employees. The Company maintains a stop loss insurance policy in order to limit its exposure to claims. The liability of $110 and $122 on September 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018, respectively, related to the self-insured medical plan is primarily based upon claim history and is included in the caption “Accrued compensation” as a current liability in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company has been named as a defendant in lawsuits alleging personal injury from exposure to asbestos allegedly contained in, or accompanying, products made by the Company. The Company is a co-defendant with numerous other defendants in these lawsuits and intends to vigorously defend itself against these claims. The claims in the Company’s current lawsuits are similar to those made in previous asbestos-related suits that named the Company as defendant, which either were dismissed when it was shown that the Company had not supplied products to the plaintiffs’ places of work or were settled for immaterial amounts. The Company cannot provide any assurances that any pending or future matters will be resolved in the same manner as previous lawsuits.

As of September 30, 2018, the Company was subject to the claims noted above, as well as other legal proceedings and potential claims that have arisen in the ordinary course of business.

Although the outcome of the lawsuits, legal proceedings or potential claims to which the Company is, or may become, a party to cannot be determined and an estimate of the reasonably possible loss or range of loss cannot be made, management does not believe that the outcomes, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

The Company files federal and state income tax returns in several domestic and international jurisdictions. In most tax jurisdictions, returns are subject to examination by the relevant tax authorities for a number of years after the returns have been filed. The Company is subject to U.S. federal examination for the tax years 2015 through 2017 and examination in state tax jurisdictions for the tax years 2013 through 2017. The Company is subject to examination in the People’s Republic of China for tax years 2015 through 2017.

There was no liability for unrecognized tax benefits at either September 30, 2018 or March 31, 2018.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) was signed into law. The Tax Act significantly revised the U.S. tax code by, among other changes, lowering the corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, requiring a one-time transition tax on accumulated foreign earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries that were previously tax deferred and creating new taxes on certain foreign sourced earnings. The Company remeasured certain U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the rates at which they are expected to reverse in the future, which is generally 21%, and recorded an income tax benefit of $971 related to such re-measurement in fiscal 2018. The Company is still analyzing certain aspects of the Tax Act, which could potentially affect the measurement of the deferred tax asset and liability balances or potentially give rise to new deferred tax amounts.

The one-time transition tax is based on the total post-1986 earnings and profits (“E&P”) of our foreign subsidiary that has previously been deferred from U.S. income taxes. The Company recorded its one-time transition liability of its foreign subsidiary resulting in additional income tax expense of $185 in fiscal 2018. The Company has not yet completed its calculation of the total post-1986 foreign E&P for its foreign subsidiary. The transition tax is based in part on the amount of those earnings held in cash and other specified assets. The amount may change upon completion of the fiscal 2018 tax return when the Company finalizes the calculation of post-1986 foreign E&P previously deferred from U.S. federal taxation and finalizes the amounts held in cash or other specified assets.

The Tax Act also includes two new U.S. tax base-erosion provisions, the global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) provisions and the base-erosion and anti-abuse tax (“BEAT”) provisions, beginning in 2018. The GILTI provisions require the Company to include in its U.S. income tax return foreign subsidiary earnings in excess of an allowable return on its foreign subsidiary’s tangible assets. The incremental U.S. tax on GILTI income beginning in 2018 is estimated to be approximately $30. The Company has elected to account for GILTI tax in the period in which it is incurred. The BEAT provisions in the Tax Act eliminate the deduction of certain base-erosion payments made to related foreign corporations and impose a minimum tax if greater than regular tax. The Company does not expect it will be subject to this tax.

The Tax Act also provides tax incentives to U.S. companies to earn income from the sale, lease or license of goods and services abroad in the form of a deduction for foreign-derived intangible income (“FDII”). FDII is taxed at an effective rate of 13.125% for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017. The Company’s incremental U.S. tax savings on FDII beginning in fiscal 2019 is estimated to be approximately $200.

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 to address the application of U.S. GAAP in situations when a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act. The Company recognized the provisional tax impacts related to the revaluation of deferred tax assets and liabilities and included the amount in its consolidated financial statements for fiscal 2018. As of March 31, 2018, the Company had completed the majority of its accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Act. Its preliminary estimate of the deemed repatriated earnings and the re-measurement of its deferred tax assets and liabilities is subject to the finalization of management’s analysis related to certain matters that may require further adjustments and changes in estimates, such as developing interpretations of the provisions of the Tax Act, changes to certain estimates and amounts related to the E&P of its foreign subsidiary, the filing of its tax returns, U.S. Treasury regulations expected to be issued, and administrative interpretations or court decisions interpreting the Tax Act. During the three-month and six-month periods ended September 30, 2018, there were no changes made to the provisional amounts recorded in fiscal 2018.

The changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component for the six months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:

The reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss by component for the three and six months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:

In the second quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company aligned its workforce with market conditions by reducing the number of management, office and manufacturing positions. As a result, a restructuring charge of $316 was recognized in the three months and six months ended September 30, 2017. The restructuring charge included severance and related employee benefit costs. The charge is included in the caption “Restructuring Charge” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2017. The reconciliation of the changes in the restructuring reserve is as follows:

The liability of $18 at March 31, 2018 is included in the caption “Accrued Compensation” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

In the normal course of business, management evaluates all new accounting pronouncements issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Emerging Issues Task Force, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants or any other authoritative accounting bodies to determine the potential impact they may have on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers." This guidance establishes principles for reporting information about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from a company’s contracts with customers. The guidance requires companies to apply a five-step model when recognizing revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. The guidance also includes a comprehensive set of disclosure requirements regarding revenue recognition. The guidance allows two methods of adoption: (1) a full retrospective approach where historical financial information is presented in accordance with the new standard and (2) a modified retrospective approach where the guidance is applied to the most current period presented in the financial statements. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No 2015-14 "Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Deferral of the Effective Date," which deferred the effective date of ASU 2014-09 to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with earlier application permitted as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net)," to clarify the implementation guidance on principal versus agent. In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing," which clarifies the identifying performance obligations and licensing implementation guidance. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients," which clarifies the implementation guidance related to collectability, presentation of sales tax, noncash consideration, contract modifications and completed contracts at transition.

The Company adopted the revenue recognition standard using the modified retrospective approach on April 1, 2018. The Company recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new standard to all contracts that were not completed on the date of adoption as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standard in effect during those periods. The most significant impact of adopting the guidance is the timing of revenue recognition. Revenue on the majority of the Company’s contracts continues to be recognized upon shipment while revenue on its larger contracts is recognized over time as these contracts meet specific criteria established in the new standards. Consistent with previous guidance, revenue recognized on contracts over time created unbilled revenue (contract assets) and reduced inventory on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Upon adoption of the new standard, progress payments for which the Company has received an unconditional right to payment are recognized as trade accounts receivable with a corresponding contract liability of an equal amount as customer deposits on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets since the related performance obligations have not been satisfied. Under the previous guidance, progress payments were recognized when payment was received. In addition, progress payments exceeding unbilled revenue were netted against inventory to the extent the payment was less than or equal to the inventory balance relating to the applicable contract and the excess was presented as customer deposits.

The following table presents the cumulative effect of the changes made to the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet as of April 1, 2018 for the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard:

	Balance at March 31, 2018		Adjustments Due to Adoption of Revenue Recognition Standard			Balance at April 1, 2018

Assets
Trade accounts receivable	$	17,026	$	538		$	17,564
Unbilled revenue		8,079		(1,987	)		6,092
Inventories		11,566		12,985			24,551
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		772		118			890
Other assets		202		69			271

Liabilities
Accounts payable		16,151		(706	)		15,445
Accrued compensation		4,958		(172	)		4,786
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		2,885		484			3,369
Customer deposits		13,213		13,372			26,585
Deferred income tax liability		1,427		(233	)		1,194

Stockholders’ equity:
Retained earnings		99,011		(1,022	)		97,989

The following tables present the impact of adoption of the new revenue recognition standard on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Balance Sheet:

	Three Months Ended							Six Months Ended
	September 30,							September 30,
	As Reported		Balances Without Adoption of Revenue Recognition Standard		Effect of Change			As Reported		Balances Without Adoption of Revenue Recognition Standard		Effect of Change
Consolidated Statements of Income
Net sales	$	21,441	$	22,613	$	(1,172	)	$	50,992	$	49,135	$	1,857
Cost of products sold		15,214		16,136		(922	)		37,623		35,776		1,847
Gross profit		6,227		6,477		(250	)		13,369		13,359		10
Selling, general and administrative		4,718		4,808		(90	)		9,269		9,284		(15	)
Income before provision for income taxes		2,005		2,165		(160	)		5,030		5,005		25
Provision for income taxes		178		217		(39	)		880		874		6
Net income		1,827		1,948		(121	)		4,150		4,131		19

	September 30,
	As Reported			Balances Without Adoption of Revenue Recognition Standard			Effect of Change
Balance Sheet
Assets
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowances	$	15,556		$	12,097		$	3,459
Unbilled revenue		10,582			11,671			(1,089	)
Inventories		20,763			9,960			10,803
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		1,572			1,430			142
Other assets		173			147			26

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Accounts payable		9,317			10,037			(720	)
Accrued compensation		5,604			5,800			(196	)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		3,541			3,625			(84	)
Customer deposits		30,539			14,957			15,582
Deferred income tax liability		1,446			1,711			(265	)

Stockholders’ equity
Retained earnings		100,271			101,254			(983	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(8,243	)		(8,251	)		8

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)," which requires companies to recognize all leases as assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. This ASU retains a distinction between finance leases and operating leases, and the classification criteria for distinguishing between finance leases and operating leases are substantially similar to the classification criteria for distinguishing between capital leases and operating leases in the current accounting guidance. As a result, the effect of leases on the consolidated statement of comprehensive income and the consolidated statement of cash flows is largely unchanged from previous generally accepted accounting principles. The guidance requires application on a modified retrospective basis based on the earliest period presented in the consolidated financial statements. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, “Leases (Topic 842) Targeted Improvements,” which provides an additional transition method that allows entities to initially apply the guidance at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. In addition, the guidance provides a practical expedient that allows entities to account for lease components and associated nonlease components as a single component if specific conditions are met. The amendments in these ASUs are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Earlier application is permitted. The Company believes the adoption of this ASU may have a material impact on its assets and liabilities due to the addition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities to its Consolidated Balance Sheet, however, it does not expect the guidance to have a material impact on its Consolidated Statement of Operations or Cash Flows.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, "Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230)," which clarifies the presentation and classification of eight specific issues on the cash flow statement. This ASU is effective for public businesses for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2019. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, "Compensation-Retirement Benefits (Topic 715)," which amended its guidance related to the presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost. The amended guidance requires the service cost component be disaggregated from the other components of net benefit cost. The service cost component of expense is required to be reported in the income statement in the same line item as other compensation costs within income from operations. The other components of net benefit cost are required to be presented separately from the service cost component outside of income from operations. The amended guidance also allows only the service cost component of net benefit cost to be eligible for capitalization. This ASU is effective for public businesses for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted the amended guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2019. The amended guidance was applied retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost component and other components of net benefit cost in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings. In addition, the amended guidance was applied prospectively for the capitalization of the service cost component of net benefit cost. The amended guidance allows for a practical expedient that permits the use of amounts previously disclosed in the Employee Benefit Plans Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements within prior comparative periods as the estimation basis for applying the retrospective presentation requirements. The Company elected this practical expedient for the

prior period presentation. The adoption of this amended guidance resulted in the reclassification of net benefit income of $89 and $31 from compensation costs included in Cost of products sold and Selling, general and administrative expense, respectively, to Other income in the Consolidated Statement of Income and Retained Earnings for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and the reclassification of net benefit income of $177 and $62 from compensation costs included in Cost of products sold and Selling, general and administrative expense, respectively, to Other income in the Consolidated Statement of Income and Retained Earnings for the six months ended September 30, 2017.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14, "Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20)," which removes disclosures that no longer are considered cost beneficial, clarifies specific disclosure requirements and adds disclosure requirements identified as relevant for defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans. This amendment is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The amendment requires application on a retrospective basis to all periods presented. The Company believes the adoption of this ASU will not have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Management does not expect any other recently issued accounting pronouncements, which have not already been adopted, to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

We are a global business that designs, manufactures and sells critical equipment for the energy, defense and chemical/petrochemical industries. Our energy markets include oil refining, cogeneration, nuclear and alternative power. For the defense industry, our equipment is used in nuclear propulsion power systems for the U.S. Navy. For the chemical and petrochemical industries, our equipment is used in fertilizer, ethylene, methanol and downstream chemical facilities.

Graham’s global brand is built upon our world-renowned engineering expertise in vacuum and heat transfer technology, responsive and flexible service and high quality standards. We design and manufacture custom-engineered ejectors, vacuum pumping systems, surface condensers and vacuum systems. We are also a leading nuclear code accredited fabrication and specialty machining company. We supply components used inside reactor vessels and outside containment vessels of nuclear power facilities. Our equipment can also be found in other diverse applications such as metal refining, pulp and paper processing, water heating, refrigeration, desalination, food processing, pharmaceutical, and heating, ventilating and air conditioning.

Our corporate headquarters are located in Batavia, New York. We have production facilities co-located with our headquarters in Batavia and also at our wholly-owned subsidiary, Energy Steel & Supply Co. ("Energy Steel"), located in Lapeer, Michigan. We also have a wholly-owned foreign subsidiary, Graham Vacuum and Heat Transfer Technology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. ("GVHTT"), located in Suzhou, China. GVHTT provides sales and engineering support for us in the People’s Republic of China and management oversight throughout Southeast Asia.

Our current fiscal year (which we refer to as “fiscal 2019”) ends March 31, 2019.

This report and other documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission include “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to be materially different from any future results implied by the forward-looking statements. Such factors include, but are not limited to, the risks and uncertainties identified by us under the heading "Risk Factors" in Part 1, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2018.

Forward-looking statements may also include, but are not limited to, statements about:

•sources of revenue and anticipated revenue, including the contribution from anticipated growth;

•expectations regarding achievement of revenue and profitability expectations;

•plans for future products and services and for enhancements to existing products and services;

Forward-looking statements are usually accompanied by words such as "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "may," "might," "intend," "interest," "appear," "expect," "suggest," "plan," "predict," "project," "should," "will," "encourage," "potential," "contemplate," "continue," "could" and similar expressions. Actual results could differ materially from historical results or those implied by the forward-looking statements contained in this report.

Undue reliance should not be placed on our forward-looking statements. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or announce any revisions to forward-looking statements contained in this report, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Our global energy and petrochemical markets began to show signs of improvement during the second half of fiscal 2018. The stabilization and subsequent increases in crude oil prices as well as general global economic improvement have led to increased activity by our customers in the downstream energy sector. Customers have begun to invest in upgrading and turnaround maintenance for existing facilities and are beginning to look at new capacity. While this additional activity is encouraging, we cannot predict the pace at which a recovery will progress or if it will continue. On the contrary, capital spending in the nuclear market, for both new capacity and to maintain existing facilities, continues to be weak, reportedly down 25% to 35% compared with its most recent peak in 2012, as reported by the Nuclear Energy Institute.

Our long-term view for the global energy and petrochemical markets is that general economic fundamentals will drive increasing demand and result in continued capital investment to satisfy increasing global energy demand. These fundamentals include rising populations, strong emerging market economic growth, and overall global economic expansion.

Our naval nuclear propulsion market has demand tied to aircraft carrier and submarine vessel construction schedules of the primary shipyards who service the U.S. Navy. We expect growth in our naval nuclear propulsion business resulting from our strategic actions to increase our market share, our successful performance, and to satisfy expected demand.

We believe the long-term outlook in our key markets supports our growth plans. In the near term, new order levels are expected to remain variable, resulting in both relatively strong and weak periods, however, we believe order activity in the long term will be significantly improved compared with fiscal 2018.

The chart below shows the impact of our diversification strategy. Nearly 60% of our current backlog is from markets not served by us in the Fiscal 2007-2009 time frame.

To better understand the significant factors that influenced our performance during the periods presented, the following discussion should be read in conjunction with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Net sales	$	21,441		$	17,224		$	50,992		$	38,075
Gross profit	$	6,227		$	3,741		$	13,369		$	8,519
Gross profit margin		29	%		22	%		26	%		22	%
SG&A expense ⁽¹⁾	$	4,778		$	3,731		$	9,388		$	7,443
SG&A as a percent of sales		22	%		22	%		18	%		20	%
Net income	$	1,827		$	10		$	4,150		$	945
Diluted income per share	$	0.19		$	—		$	0.42		$	0.10
Total assets	$	157,058		$	147,853		$	157,058		$	147,853
Total assets excluding cash, cash equivalents and investments	$	78,069		$	75,751		$	78,069		$	75,751

The Second Quarter and First Six Months of Fiscal 2019 Compared With the Second Quarter and First Six Months of Fiscal 2018

Sales for the second quarter of fiscal 2019 were $21,441, a 24% increase as compared with sales of $17,224 for the second quarter of fiscal 2018. Sales in the second quarter would have been $1,172 higher without the impact from the required adoption of the revenue recognition accounting standard change described in Note 15 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Our domestic sales, as a percentage of aggregate product sales, were 70% in the second quarter of fiscal 2019 compared with 65% in the second quarter of fiscal 2018. Domestic sales year-over-year increased $3,926, or 35%. International sales increased $291, or 5%, in the second quarter of fiscal 2019 compared with the second quarter of fiscal 2018. Sales in the three months ended September 30, 2018 were 45% to the refining industry, 18% to the chemical and petrochemical industries, 10% to the power industry, including the nuclear market, and 27% to other commercial and industrial applications, including the U.S. Navy. Sales in the three months ended September 30, 2017 were 28% to the refining industry, 33% to the chemical and petrochemical industries, 11% to the power industry, including the nuclear market, and 28% to other commercial and industrial applications, including the U.S. Navy. Fluctuations in sales among markets, products and geographic locations can vary measurably from quarter-to-quarter based on timing and magnitude of projects. See also "Current Market Conditions," above. For additional information on anticipated future sales and our markets, see "Orders and Backlog" below.

Sales for the first six months of fiscal 2019 were $50,992, an increase of $12,917, or 34% compared with sales of $38,075 for the first six months of fiscal 2018. Included in sales for the first six months of fiscal 2019 was $1,857 related to the impact from the required adoption of the revenue recognition accounting standard change described in Note 15 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Our domestic sales, as a percentage of aggregate product sales, were 56% in the first six months of fiscal 2019 compared with 68% in the same period in fiscal 2018. Domestic sales increased $2,551, or 10%, while international sales increased by $10,366, or 86%; primarily driven by one large project in Canada. International sales accounted for 44% and 32% of total sales for the first six months of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively. Sales in the first six months of fiscal 2019 were 58% to the refining industry, 13% to the chemical and petrochemical industries, 10% to the power industry, including the nuclear market, and 19% to other commercial and industrial applications, including the U.S. Navy. Sales in the first six months of fiscal 2018 were 22% to the refining industry, 34% to the chemical and petrochemical industries, 15% to the power industry, including the nuclear market, and 29% to other commercial and industrial applications, including the U.S. Navy.

Our gross profit margin for the second quarter of fiscal 2019 was 29% compared with 22% for the second quarter of fiscal 2018. Gross profit for the second quarter of fiscal 2019 increased 66% compared with the second quarter of fiscal 2018, to $6,227 from $3,741. Gross profit was impacted by higher sales, and margins were impacted by improved pricing and mix of projects, as well as a few higher quality projects, compared with a very weak fiscal 2018.

Our gross profit margin for the first six months of fiscal 2019 was 26% compared with 22% for the first six months of fiscal 2018. Gross profit for the first six months of fiscal 2019 increased 57% compared with the second quarter of fiscal 2018, to $13,369 from $8,519. The increase in gross profit was due to greater volume (sales up 34%) and gross margins which were impacted by improved pricing and mix of projects compared with a very weak fiscal 2018.

SG&A expenses as a percent of sales for the three and six-month periods ended September 30, 2018 were 22% and 18%, respectively. SG&A expenses in the second quarter of fiscal 2019 were $4,778, an increase of $1,047, or 28%, compared with the second quarter of fiscal 2018 SG&A expenses of $3,731. SG&A expenses in the first six months of fiscal 2019 were $9,388, an increase of $1,945, or 26%, compared with the first six months of fiscal 2018 SG&A expenses of $7,443. The increase in the second quarter and fiscal year-to-date spending was primarily driven by compensation costs, including new hires to support the Company’s anticipated market expansion and variable performance-driven compensation costs.

In the second quarter of fiscal 2018, we incurred a pre-tax restructuring charge of $316 ($224 after tax) for severance costs related to certain headcount reductions. No comparable charge was incurred in fiscal 2019.

Interest income for the three and six-month periods ended September 30, 2018 was $351 and $640, respectively, compared with $162 and $313, respectively, for the same periods ended September 30, 2017. Interest expense for the three and six-month periods ended September 30, 2018 was $1 and $3, respectively, compared with $2 and $5, respectively, for the same periods ended September 30, 2017.

Our effective tax rate for the three and six-month periods ended September 30, 2018 was 9% and 18%, respectively. The low effective tax rate in the second quarter of fiscal 2019 reflects a cumulative adjustment in the quarter due to a reduction in the full year effective tax rate for the U.S. portion of our earnings from 21% to 19%. The effective tax rate in the six-month period ended

September 30, 2017 was 28% (the rate in the second quarter of fiscal 2018 was not a meaningful comparison). The reduction in rates is due to the change in U.S. federal tax rates from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act signed into law on December 22, 2017 (the “Tax Act”).

Net income and income per diluted share for the second quarter of fiscal 2019 were $1,827 and $0.19, compared with $10 and $0.00, respectively, for the second quarter of fiscal 2018 (excluding a restructuring charge, net income and income per diluted share for the second quarter of fiscal 2018 were $234 and $0.02, respectively). Net income and income per diluted share for the first six months of fiscal 2019 were $4,150 and $0.42, respectively, compared with net income of $945 and income per diluted share of $0.10 for the first six months of fiscal 2018 (excluding a restructuring charge, net income and income per diluted share for the first six months of fiscal 2018 were $1,169 and $0.12, respectively).

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:

Net cash generated by operating activities for the first six months of fiscal 2019 was $5,075, compared with $848 for the first six months of fiscal 2018. The increase in cash generation year over year was attributable to improved net income, an increase in customer deposits, lower changes in inventory and accounts receivable partially offset by greater changes in unbilled revenue and accounts payable.

Dividend payments and capital expenditures in the first six months of fiscal 2019 were $1,868 and $367, respectively, compared with $1,758 and $431, respectively, for the first six months of fiscal 2018.

Capital expenditures for fiscal 2019 are expected to be between approximately $2,000 and $2,500. Approximately 75-80% of our fiscal 2019 capital expenditures are expected to be for machinery and equipment, with the remaining amounts expected to be used for other items.

Cash and investments were $78,989 on September 30, 2018 compared with $76,479 on March 31, 2018, up $2,510.

We invest net cash generated from operations in excess of cash held for near-term needs in short-term, less than 365 days, certificates of deposit, money market accounts or U.S. government instruments, generally with maturity periods of up to 180 days. Our money market account is used to securitize our outstanding letters of credit, which reduces our cost on those letters of credit. Approximately 95% of our cash and investments are held in the U.S. The remaining 5% is invested in our China operations.

Our revolving credit facility with JP Morgan Chase provides us with a line of credit of $25,000, including letters of credit and bank guarantees. In addition, our JP Morgan Chase agreement allows us to increase the line of credit, at our discretion, up to another $25,000, for total availability of $50,000. Borrowings under this credit facility are secured by all of our assets. We also have a $5,000 unsecured line of credit with HSBC, N.A. Letters of credit outstanding on September 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018 were $6,953 and $8,233, respectively. The outstanding letters of credit as of September 30, 2018 were issued by JP Morgan Chase, HSBC, as well as Bank of America (under our previous credit facility). There were no other amounts outstanding on our credit facilities at September 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018. The borrowing rate under our JP Morgan Chase facility as of September 30, 2018 was the bank’s prime rate, or 5.25%. Availability under the JP Morgan Chase and HSBC lines of credit was $25,196 and $24,336 at September 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018, respectively. We believe that cash generated from operations, combined with our investments and available financing capacity under our credit facility, will be adequate both to meet our cash needs for the immediate future and to support our growth strategies.

Orders for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 were $34,416 compared with $17,087 for the same period in the prior year, an increase of 101%. Orders represent written communications received from customers requesting us to supply products and/or services. Domestic orders were 58% of total orders, or $19,970, and international orders were 42% of total orders, or $14,446, in the current quarter compared with the second quarter of fiscal 2018, when domestic orders were 84%, or $14,436, of total orders, and international orders were 16%, or $2,651, of total orders.

During the first six months of fiscal 2019, orders were $56,393, compared with $28,151 for the same period of fiscal 2018, an increase of $28,242, or 100%. For the first six months of fiscal 2019, refining orders increased by $14,847, chemical and petrochemical increased by $14,500, power industry increased $4,233 and other commercial and industrial applications, including the U.S. Navy, decreased by $5,338. See “Current Market Conditions” for additional information.

Backlog was an all-time record at $127,796 at September 30, 2018, compared with $117,946 at March 31, 2018, an 8% increase, and up from $114,855 at June 30, 2018. Backlog is defined as the total dollar value of orders received for which revenue has not yet been recognized. Approximately 55% to 60% of orders currently in our backlog are expected to be converted to sales within one year. The majority of the orders that are expected to convert beyond twelve months are for the U.S. Navy. At September 30, 2018, 24% of our backlog was attributable to equipment for refinery project work, 16% for chemical and petrochemical projects, 6% for power projects, including nuclear, 51% for U.S. Navy projects and 3% for other industrial applications. At September 30, 2017, 15% of our backlog was attributed to equipment for refinery project work, 6% for chemical and petrochemical projects, 5% for power projects, 69% for U.S. Navy projects and 5% for other industrial applications. At September 30, 2018, we had no projects on hold.

Capital spending in the energy markets we serve began to increase during the second half of fiscal 2018. Orders from customers in the refining market were much stronger in the second half of fiscal 2018 than the previous six quarters. Orders in the chemical and petrochemical market did not exhibit the same growth as in the refining market, but have increased in the first six months of fiscal 2019. Although orders in the commercial nuclear market improved in the last nine months, they remain weak. At September 30, 2018, 51% of our backlog was for the U.S. Navy. Approximately 10% to 15% of our long-lived U.S. Navy backlog is expected to begin to convert into revenue in the remaining six months of fiscal 2019. Our pipeline continues to be robust, but quarterly fluctuations in order levels are likely to occur.

We continue to believe in the long-term strength of the energy and petrochemical markets. Coupled with our diversification strategy with the U.S. Navy and the power market, we believe this long-term strength in our markets will support our goal to significantly grow our business. We have invested in capacity to serve our commercial customers as well as to expand the work we do for the U.S. Navy. We intend to continue to look for organic growth opportunities as well as acquisitions or other business combinations that we believe will allow us to expand our presence in both our existing and ancillary markets. We are focused on reducing earnings volatility, growing our business and diversifying our business and product lines.

We expect revenue in fiscal 2019 to be approximately $98,000 to $105,000. We project that approximately 55% to 60% of our current backlog will convert to sales in the next twelve months. We expect the remaining backlog will convert beyond twelve months, which includes a combination of U.S. Navy orders that have a long conversion cycle (up to five years) as well as certain commercial orders, the conversion of which has been extended by our customers.

We expect gross profit margin in fiscal 2019 to be in the 25% to 27% range, compared with 22% in fiscal 2018. SG&A during fiscal 2019 is expected to be between $18,500 and $18,750. Our effective tax rate during fiscal 2019 is expected to be approximately 20%.

We expect that cash flow in fiscal 2019 will be positive, however, the second half of fiscal 2019 will likely be more moderate than the first half of fiscal 2019.

We have been named as a defendant in lawsuits alleging personal injury from exposure to asbestos allegedly contained in or accompanying our products. We are a co-defendant with numerous other defendants in these lawsuits and intend to vigorously defend ourselves against these claims. The claims in our current lawsuits are similar to those made in previous asbestos lawsuits that named us as a defendant. Such previous lawsuits either were dismissed when it was shown that we had not supplied products to the plaintiffs’ places of work or were settled by us for immaterial amounts.

As of September 30, 2018, we are subject to the claims noted above, as well as other legal proceedings and potential claims that have arisen in the ordinary course of business. Although the outcome of the lawsuits, legal proceedings or potential claims to which we are or may become a party cannot be determined and an estimate of the reasonably possible loss or range of loss cannot be made, we do not believe that the outcomes, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material effect on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are based on the selection of accounting policies and the application of significant accounting estimates, some of which require management to make significant assumptions. We believe that the most critical accounting estimates used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements relate to labor hour estimates and establishment of operational milestones which are used to recognize revenue under the percentage-of-completion method, fair value estimates of identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired in business combinations, accounting for contingencies, under which we accrue a loss when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated, and accounting for pensions and other postretirement benefits. For further information, refer to Item 7 "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2018.

We did not have any off balance sheet arrangements as of September 30, 2018 or March 31, 2018, other than operating leases and letters of credit.

The principal market risks (i.e., the risk of loss arising from market changes) to which we are exposed are foreign currency exchange rates, price risk and project cancellation risk.

The assumptions applied in preparing the following qualitative and quantitative disclosures regarding foreign currency exchange rate, price risk and project cancellation risk are based upon volatility ranges experienced by us in relevant historical periods, our current knowledge of the marketplace, and our judgment of the probability of future volatility based upon the historical trends and economic conditions of the markets in which we operate.

International consolidated sales for the three months and six months ended September 30, 2018 were 30% and 44%, respectively, of total sales compared with 35% and 32%, respectively, for the same period of fiscal 2018. Operating in markets throughout the world exposes us to movements in currency exchange rates. Currency movements can affect sales in several ways, the foremost being our ability to compete for orders against foreign competitors that base their prices on relatively weaker currencies. Business lost due to competition for orders against competitors using a relatively weaker currency cannot be quantified. In addition, cash can be adversely impacted by the conversion of sales made by us in a foreign currency to U.S. dollars. In the first three and six months of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, all sales by us and our wholly-owned subsidiaries, for which we were paid, were denominated in the local currency of the respective subsidiary (U.S. dollars or Chinese RMB).

We have limited exposure to foreign currency purchases. In each of the first three and six months of fiscal 2019, our purchases in foreign currencies represented 2% of cost of products sold. In the first three and six months of fiscal 2018, our purchases in foreign currencies represented 2% and 1% of cost of products sold, respectively. At certain times, we may enter into forward foreign currency exchange agreements to hedge our exposure against potential unfavorable changes in foreign currency values on significant sales and purchase contracts negotiated in foreign currencies. Forward foreign currency exchange contracts were not used in the periods being reported on in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and as of September 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018, we held no forward foreign currency contracts.

Operating in a global marketplace requires us to compete with other global manufacturers which, in some instances, benefit from lower production costs and more favorable economic conditions. Although we believe that our customers differentiate our products on the basis of our manufacturing quality and engineering experience and excellence, among other things, such lower production costs and more favorable economic conditions mean that certain of our competitors are able to offer products similar to

ours at lower prices. Depending on where our markets are in the cycle, we can experience strong or weak price levels.

Open orders are reviewed continuously through communications with customers. If it becomes evident to us that a project is delayed well beyond its original shipment date, management will move the project into "placed on hold" (i.e., suspended) category. Furthermore, if a project is cancelled by our customer, it is removed from our backlog. We attempt to mitigate the risk of cancellation by structuring contracts with our customers to maximize the likelihood that progress payments made to us for individual projects cover the costs we have incurred. As a result, we do not believe we have a significant cash exposure to projects which may be cancelled. At September 30, 2018, we had no projects on hold.

Our President and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Vice President-Finance & Administration and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) each have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on such evaluation, and as of such date, our President and Chief Executive Officer and Vice President-Finance & Administration and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in all material respects.

There has been no change to our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or that is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

The following risk factors include any material changes to the Company’s previously disclosed risk factors contained in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2018. Any risk factor that has not been updated or included below remains as previously reported in Part I, Item 1A of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2018 and no material changes to such risk factors have occurred since the filing of such report.

Tariffs imposed by the U.S. and those imposed in response by other countries, including China, as well as rapidly changing trade relations, could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Changes in U.S. and foreign governments’ trade policies have resulted and may continue to result in tariffs on imports into, and exports from the U.S. Throughout 2018, the U.S. imposed tariffs on imports from several countries, including China, Canada, the European Union and Mexico. In response, China, Canada and the European Union have proposed or implemented their own tariffs on certain exports from the U.S. into those countries. Tariffs affecting our products and product components, including raw materials we use, particularly high-end steel and steel related products, may add significant costs to us and make our products more expensive. As a result, our products could become less attractive to customers outside the U.S. and our profit margins negatively impacted. Accordingly, continued tariffs may weaken relationships with certain of our trading partners and may adversely affect our financial performance and results of operations. When beneficial to us, we may consider alternate sourcing options, including off shore subcontracting, in order to minimize the impact of the tariffs. Because we conduct aspects of our business in China through our subsidiary, potential reductions in trade with China and diminished relationships between China and the U.S., as well as the continued escalation of tariffs, could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.



(31)	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications

+	31.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer

+	31.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer

(32)	Section 1350 Certification

+	32.1	Section 1350 Certifications

(101)	Interactive Data File

+	101.INS	XBRL Instance Document

+	101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

+	101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

+	101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

+	101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

+	101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document


	+	Exhibit filed with this report

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


Delaware	16-1194720
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

20 Florence Avenue, Batavia, New York	14020
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

		Page
Part I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	4

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	26

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	27

Part II.	OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	28

Item 6.	Exhibits	28

Signatures		29

	September 30, 2018			April 1, 2018			Change

Unbilled revenue (contract assets)	$	10,582		$	6,092		$	4,490
Customer deposits (contract liabilities)		(30,539	)		(26,585	)		(3,954	)
Net contract liabilities	$	(19,957	)	$	(20,493	)	$	536

	September 30,		March 31,
	2018		2018
Raw materials and supplies	$	2,873	$	3,095
Work in process		16,785		17,546
Finished products		1,105		1,034
		20,763		21,675
Less - progress payments		—		10,109
Total	$	20,763	$	11,566

	Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Items			Foreign Currency Items			Total
Balance at April 1, 2018	$	(8,599	)	$	349		$	(8,250	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		—			(333	)		(333	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		340			—			340
Net current-period other comprehensive income		340			(333	)		7
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	(8,259	)	$	16		$	(8,243	)

Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss								Affected Line Item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings
	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
	2018				2017
Pension and other postretirement benefit items:
Amortization of actuarial loss	$	(218	)	⁽¹⁾	$	(263	)	⁽¹⁾	Income before provision for income taxes
		(48	)			(93	)		Provision for income taxes
	$	(170	)		$	(170	)		Net income


			GRAHAM CORPORATION
By:			/s/ Jeffrey Glajch
			Jeffrey Glajch
			Vice President-Finance & Administration and
			Chief Financial Officer